Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas. Pathology occurs in acute and chronic forms. This condition has rather specific symptoms: severe pain in the left hypochondrium, sometimes having a corset character, foul-smelling stools, nausea and vomiting.
Diet for pancreatic pancreatitis is one of the main areas of pathology treatment. The patient's menu depends on the general state of health and the period of the disease. It is important to adhere to medical nutrition for several months.
General principles
Nutrition for pancreatic pancreatitis should be sparing. The basic principles of the diet:
- fractional nutrition - food should be consumed five to six times a day in small portions;
- dishes should be smoothed, which facilitates the process of digesting food;
- permitted cooking methods are steaming and boiling;
- fresh vegetables and fruits are completely prohibited, e. g. not cooked;
- the permissible daily volume of salt is not more than 5 grams;
- it is mandatory to take infusions and decoctions on rosehip berries;
- dishes served at the table should be warm - hot and cold are contraindicated;
- pickling, semi-finished products, fatty / fried / very salty foods and products are strictly prohibited.
Deviation from the principles of dietary nutrition can provoke the development of attacks of pancreatitis.
Allowed and Prohibited Products
To reduce the production of pancreatic juice and reduce the load on the inflamed gland, it is necessary to completely exclude from the patient's diet:
- Soups cooked in a rich broth of meat, fish and mushrooms, as well as complex soups - cabbage soup, pickles, borscht. Cold and dairy products are not included.
- Breads - rye / rye bread of the day, pastries and pastries, butter-fried pies, tortillas.
- Fatty meats - pork, lamb, duck, goose - sausages, offal, canned and smoked meats.
- A fish. Fatty, smoked, salty varieties are prohibited.
- Dairy and lactic acid products with high fat content.
- Groats - millet, pearl barley, oats, corn.
- Fried and boiled eggs.
- Vegetables - radish, radish, garlic, pepper, eggplant, cabbage, spinach.
- Sweets - jam, ice cream, fresh dates, grapes, bananas, figs.
- spicy seasoning.
- Coffee, strong brewed tea, coffee, soda, grape juice.
- Refractory fat - pork, beef, lamb.
When developing a menu for each day, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of nutritionists and use only approved products. He:
- dry bread, biscuits, homemade crackers;
- vegetarian soup with the addition of pureed vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots - noodles, semolina or oatmeal;
- lean meats - chicken, rabbit, turkey - in the form of steam cutlets, souffles, dumplings, beef stroganoff;
- low-fat varieties of fish - pollock, carp, cod;
- cereals - oatmeal, semolina, rice - are used to make cereals, casseroles, puddings;
- low-fat milk and lactic acid products;
- steamed omelet without yolk;
- vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, beets, pumpkin, cauliflower, carrots, green beans;
- sweet berries and fruits in the form of mousses, jellies, puddings, apples baked in the oven;
- sauce - milk and cooked in vegetable broth (when using flour, the latter is not stir-fried);
- butter and vegetable oil;
- weak tea with lemon, mineral water, decoction of rosehips, juice diluted with water.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
If we talk about what kind of diet is recommended for patients with acute forms of inflammation, then this is a table of 5P treatments. For the first two to four days, complete starvation is recommended to a person. Only liquid intake is allowed - decoction of rosehip berries, Borjomi (without gas), weak tea. Then the patient switches to nutritional therapy. The menu is allowed to include dishes without salt, but rich in carbohydrates.
An approximate list of dishes that can be included in the menu:
- steamed omelet on protein;
- meat souffle;
- fish and meat dumplings;
- porridge soup - rice and oatmeal - and vegetarian options;
- vegetable puree;
- mashed porridge - rice, buckwheat, oatmeal;
- apples in the form of jelly or mousse;
- fruit drink from the fruit of wild rose, cranberry, black currant;
- tea with the addition of milk;
- cottage cheese and dishes from it;
- cereal pudding.
Before going to bed, you can offer kefir, yogurt, a glass of water with a spoonful of honey dissolved in it, prunes and raisins.
Weekly menu forecast
When compiling the menu for a week, it should be borne in mind that the patient's diet should be varied. When developing a menu for patients throughout the week, you can use the following recommendations.
Breakfast can be served with boiled beetroot salad and dried fruit compote, 150 grams of low-fat cottage cheese and rosehip fruit stew, steamed omelet without egg yolks, weak tea with biscuits, grated oatmeal and berry jelly, pumpkin puree, rosehip drink, cheese with biscuits, rosehip broth, buckwheat porridge, compote.
Second breakfast: boiled rice porridge with steamed raisins, carrot salad with vegetable oil, apples stuffed with dried apricots and baked in the oven, pumpkin and carrot puree, boiled beets, apples baked with sugar.
For lunch, vegetarian soups are allowed, for example, borscht, boiled fish garnished with rice, boiled beef, cottage cheese casserole, steamed chicken cutlets, pasta with boiled minced meat, stir-fry. Snack options: allowed fruit jelly, vegetable roll, fresh berry jelly, fruit pudding, oven baked potato, sandwich with butter and a slice of cheese, nut puree.
Dinner: baked apple puree and low-fat yogurt, rice porridge with raisins, varenet, vinaigrette and yogurt, steamed cauliflower, glass of yogurt, zucchini caviar, kefir, steamed omelet, fermented baked milk, rice porridge pudding and low-fat yogurt.
Alternating dishes, you can make a "delicious" weekly menu that will provide the sick person's body with all the necessary substances, but at the same time the pancreas will receive a minimum nutritional load. You can find recipes for some of the dishes below.
Nutrition for combined pancreatitis with gastritis or cholecystitis
If the underlying disease is accompanied by the development of cholecystitis, then the menu is allowed to include:
- slimy soup made of rice, oatmeal or semolina;
- mashed porridge, boiled in water, it is strictly forbidden to add milk and butter;
- vegetable juices, compotes;
- homemade white bread croutons;
- mashed boiled meat, fish;
- low fat cottage cheese.
With a combination of pancreatitis and gastritis, the menu should include mashed soup from oatmeal, rice and semolina, to which you can add egg yolks and a little butter, mashed vegetables - potatoes, carrots, beets - with the addition of milk or cream , steamed soufflés, cutlets, etc. dumplings from minced meat and fish.
Strict choice is recommended only during the acute period of the disease. After stabilization of the condition, the person switches to the diet recommended for chronic pancreatitis.
Features of the diet in childhood
The main principles of the diet in children are fragmentation, the maximum degree of grinding, compliance with the requirements of culinary processing and variety. Small portions, if served frequently, prevent children from feeling hungry. In this case, there is no violation of metabolic processes.
Daily calorie intake is calculated based on the child's weight and age. At the stage of remission, the menu is allowed to include fresh vegetables and fruits (to some extent), but the basis of the diet is cereals with milk, minced meat dishes - chicken, turkey, vegetable soups without adding meat, fish - boiled or grilled, vegetablesboiled, dairy products. In small quantities and daily, it is permissible to give the child marshmallows, marmalade, marmalade, jam, honey.
Important!When introducing a new product into the diet, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the child.
Recipe
We offer several recipes for dishes that can be prepared with diagnosed pancreatitis.
beef pudding
Grind boiled beef (130 g) in a blender bowl. Add semolina (10 g), beaten egg white, egg yolk and a little water (about 1/3 cup) to the puree. Add some salt crystals. Grease the mold with oil, put the prepared minced meat and cook in a double boiler.
Fish dumplings
Grind lean fish (300 g) in a meat grinder. Roll out a quarter of the crusty bread and pour the pieces with milk (100 ml). Squeeze the bread and mix with the minced meat, add some whipped proteins. Add salt and mix well. Form small balls with two spoons and boil in salted water until tender. This will take about 15 minutes.
Vegetable puree soup
Cook until potatoes are cooked (2 pcs. ), Carrots and half small zucchini. Drain the broth into a separate bowl, and chop the vegetables into a puree using a blender. Pour the puree with broth to the desired consistency and bring to a boil. Cook for 3 minutes. Serve warm with a dollop of sour cream in the soup.
fish pudding
Fish carcass should be divided into two fillets. Boil the first and rub through a sieve. Grind the second part in a meat grinder. Mix the two masses, put the egg yolks, butter, salt. squeeze. Divide into molds and steam.
chicken souffle
Grind the boiled chicken in a meat grinder. Add the egg yolks and butter to the minced meat. Mix thoroughly. Then gently add the whipped whites to the fluffy foam. Put the mass into the mold and steam.
Banana dessert
Dissolve 2 packets of gelatin according to directions. Add 250 ml of natural yogurt from it. Steam some peeled bananas and peaches. Place the foil on the bottom of the plastic mold. Form the dessert in layers - biscuit crumbs, yogurt cream with gelatin, banana-peach puree. Alternate layers. Place the sweets in the refrigerator to solidify the jelly.
Adherence to the principles of dietary nutrition in pancreatitis is a prerequisite for achieving persistent and long-term remission. The menu for patients with pancreatitis in adults and children, with the right approach to development, can be very varied and fully meet all the needs of the body.